A method and an apparatus for the detection of ionizing radiation, in which a diamond is used as the radiosensitive element of the detecting apparatus, which diamond has low (2.times.10.sup.-3 at .% or less) nitrogen concentration and low (10.sup.-4 or less) birefringence, and in which diamond the lifetime of the free carriers generated by the ionizing radiation is 10.sup.-6 s or longer. The current-voltage characteristic of the diamond under irradiation is linear at low bias voltage and the dos...

An absorbable prophylactic composition for protecting against ionizing or nonionizing electromagnetic waves. The composition is derived from a crude extract of residual fractions of crushed grapes, and primarily from solid material comprising pips, stalks and skins of grapes and/or combinations thereof. The crude extract is obtained by first pulverizing the fraction or fractions from the grapes to form a powder, and then subjecting the powder to at least two extraction processes, one with aceton...

A method for detection of ionizing radiation comprises the steps of (i) directing ionizing radiation towards an object to be examined; (ii) preventing Compton scattered radiation, preferably at least 99% of the radiation Compton scattered in said object, from being detected; and (iii) detecting ionizing radiation spatially resolved as transmitted through said object to reveal a spatially resolved density of said object, wherein said ionizing radiation is provided within a spectral range such tha...

A method for recording an image of ionizing radiation comprising the steps of: (1) image-wise exposing to ionizing radiation an element containing at least one phosphor which converts said ionizing radiation into photochemically active radiation, (2) image-wise exposing a recording material to the thus obtained photochemically active radiation, said recording material containing at least one non-luminescent substance or poorly luminescent substance by means of which through said photochemically ...

A method of electrospraying and thereby ionizing an analyte present in a liquid, using a capillary nozzle, in which an electric field is generated at the nozzle to ionise the analyte and produce a divergent beam of charged spray particles. The pressure within the capillary is such that flow of the liquid through the capillary occurs only in the presence of the electric field.

A scanning-based radiation detector apparatus for recording an image of an object comprises a 1D detector unit exposed to a fan-shaped ionizing radiation beam, after having interacted with the object; a device for moving the 1D detector unit and the fan-shaped beam relative the object while repeatedly detecting to thereby create a 2D image of the object; and a control device for controlling the repeated detections. The one-dimensional detector unit has an ionizing radiation sensitive thickness, ...

Spectrally resolved detection of ionizing radiation in a detector comprising a chamber (13) filled with an ionizable substance, a radiation entrance (33), an electron avalanche amplification means, and a read-out arrangement (29), comprises introducing a broadband radiation beam (1) into the chamber between and in parallel first and second electrode arrangements for ionization of the ionizable substance and avalanche amplifying said electrons. By means of the read-out arrangement (29) electron a...

An apparatus, which generates ionizing radiation, includes a column having a sandwich-like configuration. The column includes one or more tubes and a layer of a cured epoxy-resin mixture containing a heavy metal. The layer of epoxy-resin mixture adheres to the tube or, if the several tubes are provided, the layer adheres to the tubes. In this way, the layer defines a unit with the tube or tubes. The configuration of the apparatus provides a configuration, which is tight against exiting X-ray rad...

Flexible ionizing radiation shield barriers which comprise a heavily lead-loaded elastomeric layer adhering to a fabric base, thereby forming a thick heavy flexible material useful in shielding against radiation. The lead loading comprises at least 55 percent by total weight of the material, and is comprised of lead particles of, at most, 200 mesh.

An ionization chamber for measuring absorbed radiation is disclosed, the chamber including a housing which incorporates an anode, a cathode, and a space charge electrode. The anode comprises a conducting plate which has a plurality of protruding needle points with each of the needle points and the conducting plate being at the same electrical potential. The space charge electrode has a plurality of holes therein and is physically displaced from the anode with the holes of the space charge electr...