Methods and apparatus for, preferably, determining noninvasively and in vivo at least two of the five blood gas parameters (i.e., pH, PCO.sub.2, [HCO.sub.3.sup.- ], PO.sub.2, and O.sub.2 sat.) in a human. The non-invasive method includes the steps of: generating light at three or more different wavelengths in the range of 500 nm to 2500 nm; irradiating blood containing tissue; measuring the intensities of the wavelengths emerging from the blood containing tissue to obtain a set of at least three...

A method and apparatus are provided for magnetohydrodynamic acoustic-resonance, near-IR spectroscopy. The method includes a step of applying to a subject under study a magnetic field having a strength between 2,00-10,000 gauss, near-IR radiation having a wavelength between 800-3,000 nm and an acoustic wave having a frequency between 10 khz -1 Mhz. The method also includes the steps of inducing vibration of ions in the magnetic field and detecting an electric wave generated magnetohydrodynamicall...

This invention relates to methods and apparatus for, preferably, determining non-invasively and in vivo at least two of the five blood gas parameters (i.e., pH, [HCO.sub.3.sup.- ], PCO.sub.2, PO.sub.2, and O.sub.2 sat.) in a human.

A system for determining the hematocrit transcutaneously and noninvasively. Disclosed are a finger clip assembly and an earlobe clip assembly, each including at least a pair of emitters and a photodiode in appropriate alignment to enable operation in either a transmissive mode or a reflectance mode. At least two, and preferably three, predetermined wavelengths of light are passed onto or through body tissues such as the finger, earlobe, or scalp, etc. and the extinction of each wavelength is det...

A method and apparatus are provided for magnetohydrodynamic acoustic-resonance, near-IR spectroscopy. The method includes a step of applying to a subject under study a magnetic field having a strength between 2,00-10,000 gauss, near-IR radiation having a wavelength between 800-3,000 nm and an acoustic wave having a frequency between 10 khz-1 Mhz. The method also includes the steps of inducing vibration of ions in the magnetic field and detecting an electric wave generated magnetohydrodynamically...

Noninvasive instrumentation and procedures have been developed for estimating the apparent age of human and animal subjects based on the irradiation of skin tissue with near-infrared light. The method of age estimation provides additional information about primary sources of systematic tissue variability due to chronological factors and environmental exposure. Therefore, categorization of subjects on the basis of the estimated apparent age is suitable for further spectral analysis and the measur...

A disposable sensor is disclosed for non-invasively detecting and characterizing a container's contents. By generating microwave frequency signals, electromagnetic fields are produced by a sensor and penetrate a container. The EM fields are analyzed in regards to how they are perturbed by the container contents. Analysis of the perturbed EM fields enables determination of content level, content purity, content density, content temperature, container pressure, and content conductivity.

Method and apparatus for continuous, non-invasive determination of cardiac output which processes a sequence of non-invasive cardiography signals which are quantitatively dependent upon cardiac output within a computer system and associated neural network capable of generating a single output signal for the combined input signals, wherein the neural network applies weighting factors determined during a training phase to force the output signal to match the known value of cardiac output determine...

A pneumatic system of a device for noninvasive blood pressure measurement includes a pneumatic cuff which is connected to a multisensor block (9) by means of a pneumatic connection line (26). At least one sensor (13) sending electric output signals for measuring physiological parameters is connected to the multisensor block (9) by an electric connection line (23). The multisensor block (9) is connected to an evaluating and supply unit (8) by a single hybrid cable (10) containing a gas-carrying l...

A two-phase membrane construction is described comprising a perforated substrate of essentially non-permeable material, each perforation of which is impregnated with solid polymer material. Means are also provided adjacent the surface of the substrate for equalizing the gas flux over the surface of the polymer-filled perforations. An exemplary two-phase membrane in a membrane/vacuum/mass spectrometer combination is described for use in the non-invasive on-time treatment of gas and vapor partial ...