The invention concerns a structure arrangement that includes surface regions having one or more structures having an optical-diffraction effect, in particular for visually identifiable, optical security elements for value-bearing documents, for example banknotes, credit cards, passes or check documents, or other items to be safeguarded; in order to make it more difficult to forge and in particular copy such a structure arrangement it is proposed in accordance with the invention that the structur...

A process for fermentatively hydrogenating and reducing ketoisophorone to produce optically active [4R,6R]-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohexanone useful as an intermediate in the production of optically active carotenoids and intermediates in the production of these carotenoids.

A tunable laser wherein the tuning element is intracavity and comprises a larizing prism for linearly polarizing the beam, and an electronically tunable filter backed by a retroreflective surface.

Apparatus for optically analyzing a solution comprises a tubular enclosure for containing the solution, which enclosure is rigidly mounted on a rotor so that the longitudinal axis of the enclosure extends radially of the axis of rotation. A radially inner end of the enclosure is open and a radially outer end thereof is closed by a transparent wall to constitute two light-transmitting windows through which a light beam is radially directed when the enclosure passes a predetermined place on its pa...

An optically guided mortar comprising a three axis canard assembly, an optical seeker, a guidance and control processor, and a fuze mechanism. The optical seeker is a direct replacement for existing standard mortar fuzes. The resulting system significantly improves current mortar circular error probability (CEP) and results in overall reduction of cost of target prosecution, reduction in collateral damage, improved crew survivability, and adds compatibility against limited non-stationary targets...

Miniature optically transparent windows are disclosed that extend vertically from a plane, which may be used to transmit light traveling in a direction substantially parallel with the plane. In one illustrative embodiment, a method for forming such miniature optically transparent windows includes: providing a substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface, the substrate having a first layer and an adjacent second layer; forming a recess in the first layer of the substrate, the r...

A device for manipulation by a plurality of optical traps is disclosed. Connected trapping elements such as transparent beads are also connected to a tip, which is spaced from the trapping elements by a distance greater than the effective range of the optical trapping fields.

A method for racemization of optically active amines which comprises contacting an optically active amine of the formula: ##EQU1## wherein C* is an asymmetric carbon atom, R.sub.1 is alkyl, aralkyl or aryl and R.sub.2 is aryl or alkoxycarbonyl, the aryl or aralkyl moiety bearing optionally one or more alkyl or alkoxy groups on the aromatic ring, provided that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are always different from each other, with an alkali metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of (1) an alkal...

There are provided connectors, cables, cable assemblies, network components, and systems wherein optically addressed RFID functionality is incorporated. Also provided are optically addressed RFID elements in general. The RFID elements utilize an optical tap to direct a portion of the optical signal traveling through an optical fiber to a transducer. The transducer creates an electrical signal which may be used to write information to an integrated circuit of, transmit an RF signal to, and/or pro...

A process is provided for preparing racemic allethrolone which comprises reacting (-) allethrolone with phosphorus chloride compounds in the presence of a Lewis acid, and hydrolyzing the racemic 4-chloro-allethrone thus obtained.