Organic semiconductors are described having an electron donating cation which is a Group VIa element derivative of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and an inorganic or organic electron-accepting anion. These materials are generally soluble in ordinary solvents and have resistivities between 10.sup.-.sup.3 and 10.sup.9 ohm-cm. They are useful in conducting coatings, fibers, etc.

The invention relates to novel steroid compounds, more particularly to certain 7.alpha.-methyl-4-androstenes, 2.alpha.,7.alpha.-dimethyl-4-androstenes and their 19-nor-counterparts.

Heterocyclic thiones are provided as depolarizers in secondary voltaic cells. The cells utilizing the organic depolarizer offer good stability in the uncharged condition nd good recharge characteristics after full discharge. A typical cell is the Leclanche system wherein the manganese dioxide is replaced by 2-imidazolidinethione.

The natural 3S, 4S isomer of the protected amino acid Boc-statine can be efficiently produced in large quantities using a novel method.

The conversion of ortho-hydroxylated Mannich bases to the corresponding methylated compounds, e.g., cresols, can be effectively carried out using a novel hydrogenation technique.

Langmuir Blodgett films are provided having second order molecular hyperpolarizability of at least 30.10.sup.-50 C.sup.3 m.sup.3 J.sup.-2. combined with chemical stability and a melting point of over 70.degree.. They also have desirable pyroelectric properties shown by a static pyroelectric coefficient of at least 0.0039 nCcm.sup.2 k.sup.-1. The films comprise compounds of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein M is ruthenium, iron or cobalt; R.sup.1 is cyclopentadienyl, methylcyclopentadienyl,...

Use of a compound of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or thioalkoxy group, and R.sub.2 is a group of formula SR.sub.10 or OR.sub.10 wherein R.sub.10 is a C.sub.1-4 carboxylic or thiocarboxylic acid residue in salt, ester, free acid or activated form, or an activated form thereof, as a linker in solid phase synthesis of organic compounds, preferably of carbamates and secondary amines, and in addition are provided processes, solid phase systems and intermediates based on th...

An emulsion-based method of microencapsulating an active agent wherein a water-in-oil emulsion, containing a matrix-forming polymer and an active agent, is dispersed in an aqueous external phase to form a microencapsulated product.

Lives of organic secondary cells having organic electrodes wherein organic conductive materials such as polyacetylene are used as electroactive substance for the cathodes and/or anodes can be extended in the following way: Active species which are produced, when organic electrodes are doped with excess ions, and are responsible for the deterioration of cell functions are trapped with a substance having a frontier-electron density higher than those of the organic conductive materials, such as dim...

Inorganic fillers such as silica balloons are used as a lightweight filler for resin moldings. But the specific gravity of these inorganic fillers is about 0.2 at most, so that there is a limit to reduction in weight. The foamed product of organic polymers is obtained as a lightweight substance, but it is hardly put to practical use because of its poor solvent resistance and thermal resistance. The microballoon of the present invention is produced by coating the surface of a hollow particle havi...