Intermediates useful in the preparation of compounds having a penam or cephem ring structure, particularly penicillins and cephalosporins, and their preparation.

The present invention relates to phosphorus containing compounds and more specifically to phosphorous and phosphoric acid esters of the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen or alkyl, n is an integer 1 or 2, and Y is a mono or divalent aromatic radical. The compounds are useful as flame retardants for, e.g., plastics materials.

The present invention concerns a novel process for the purification of 1-nitroanthraquinone containing dinitroanthraquinone as impurity which comprises selectively converting the dinitroanthraquinone to an amino derivative by treatment of the mixture with ammonia, converting the resulting amino derivative to acid addition salt form, and separating the acid addition salt form of the amino derivative from the 1-nitroanthraquinone on the basis of their different polarities.

The invention concerns a novel process for the production of a compound of formula I, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is the cyano group, or -COX, wherein X is the amino group or an -O-(lower)alkyl radical, and R.sub.2 to R.sub.5 are substituents inert to internal cyclization conditions, Comprising subjecting a compound of formula II, ##STR2## wherein the variables R.sub.1 to R.sub.5 are as defined above, and R.sub.6 is a radical capable of leaving under the reaction conditions, to an intramolecular co...

This invention relates to novel benzospiran derivatives embraced by the formula ##STR1## wherein the sum of A and B is at least the integer 2; A is selected from the group consisting of --(CH.sub.2).sub.n wherein n is 1 through 5 and --(CH.sub.n H.sub.2n --.sub.2 XY)-- wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, acetoxy, amino and acetamido and Y is hydrogen, and X when taken together with Y is selected from the group consisting of =O and =CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 wherein R.sup.3 and R.s...

The present invention concerns a method of producing non-woven fabrics by impregnating a non-woven fibrous web with a binding agent dispersion characterized by the use of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon substituent, R.sub.1, r.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each hydrogen, alkyl or polyalkoxy substituents n is an integer and Z is zero or an integer in free base, acid addition salt or quaternary ammonium salt form, to prevent migration o...

The present invention relates to cyclosporin derivatives, especially compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein A is ##STR2## useful as anti-arthritic agents.

Disclosed are novel organic pigments adapted particularly for use as fillers for paper. The organic pigments are finely divided particles obtained by graft copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene, onto a watersoluble cationic prepolymer in an aqueous solution and in the presence of a free-radical polymerization initiator.

Disclosed is a liquid dye concentrate for dilution down to form a dyebath for the dyeing of blend substrates comprising acid and cationic dyeable fibres, which concentrate comprises at least one acid dye, at least one cationic dye and, as auxiliary agents, a nonionic or anionic polyglycol ether, or a mixture thereof, and a cationic, amino group containing polyglycol ether, other preferred optional additives being a low molecular weight carboxylic acid, such as acetic or formic, and one or more a...

The invention provides polypeptides useful, for example, as soporifics, a process for the preparation thereof and compositions containing these compounds.