Apparatus for reducing oxalic acid to a product includes a cell. A separator which separates the cell into two chambers; a catholyte chamber and an anolyte chamber. Each chamber has an inlet and an outlet. A porous cathode having a catalyst is arranged within the catholyte chamber so that a catholyte entering the inlet of the catholyte chamber will pass through the cathode. A porous anode is arranged within the anolyte section so that an electrolyte entering the inlet of the anolyte section will...

Oxalic acid, alone or in combination with phenothiazine or with phenothiazine and 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol, increases the storage life of vinyl ester resins or unsaturated polyesters without adversely suppressing the exotherm or affecting their curability.

Aluminum is electrolytically grained in an aqueous solution of nitric and oxalic acids to provide a surface structure suitable for use as part of a lithographic printing plate. The electrolyte may also optionally contain boric acid and/or aluminum nitrate and/or hydrogen peroxide.

A process for preparing a diester of oxalic acid which comprises bringing carbon monoxide into contact with an ester of nitrous acid or with an alcohol and a nitrogen oxide or a hydrate of the nitrogen oxide in the gaseous phase in the presence of a solid catalyst containing metallic palladium or a salt thereof, a gas containing molecular oxygen being introduced into the reaction system in cases where said nitrogen oxide or a hydrate of the nitrogen oxide requires molecular oxygen together with ...

A single medicine oxalic acid or oxalate compositions, or "magic bullet" and methods of treatment and prevention of warm-blooded animals including humans and pets for vascular diseases, disorders, and calcerous conditions, chemoprevention of vascular diseases, disorders, and calcerous conditions, is provided which includes at least one therapeutically effective form of oxalic acid or oxalate selected from oxalic acid in a free acid, ester, lactone or salt form and oxalate including sodium oxalat...

Methods for reducing nitrate nitrogen and oxalic acid contents in plants, each of which comprises applying 5-aminolevulinic acid, a salt thereof or a mixture thereof. Nitrate nitrogen and oxalic acid contents in plants having high nitrate nitrogen and oxalic acid contents can be reduced effectively and easily.

The present invention relates to coated substrates obtained by stoving mixtures containing A) 1 part by weight of ester group-free polyols having an OH content of 1 to 10%, B) 0.05 to 1 part by weight of oxalic acid and C) 0.2 to 5 parts by weight of organic solvents, at temperatures of 120.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. and a stoving time of 1 to 100 min on substrates. The present invention also relates to a process for preparing the coated substrates.

The surface of a metal, namely, carbon steel (automotive steel), galvanized steel and/or aluminum, can be modified by treating the metal surface with a dilute aqueous oxalic acid solution. The resultant oxalic acid treated metal surface can be further treated with a phosphatizing bath. Such dual treatment improves the corrosion resistance of the metal surface and is particularly useful in the treatment of lighter weight automobile bodies having joints of carbon steel, galvanized steel and/or alu...

A method for the determination of pregnancy estrogen concentrations by hydrolysis and/or cleavage of conjugated steroids found in urine by treatment with organic acids. The urine of a pregnant woman contains "placental estriols" that may be hydrolyzed with oxalic acid to liberate estrogens. The liberated estrogens are extracted into an organic solvent, which may be compared with standard concentrations of estriol by known colorimetric methods.

This process, carried out at a temperature of 0.degree. to 30.degree. C. in an electrolyzer outfit consisting of at least one anode compartment containing an anode and anolyte, comprising an aqueous acid solution, at least one cathode compartment containing a cathode and catholyte, comprising an aqueous solution of oxalic acid and, between the two compartments, at least one separator, is characterized by the fact that the anode is made of a solid conductor uniformly coated with lead dioxide.