A recognition system of the self-organizing artificial neural network type is arranged to classify input data according to stored categories which have been determined by a training process. In the training process the initial category representations are selectively iteratively updated in response to a series of training patterns and in accordance with a competitive learning routine. this routine uses measures of category utilization based on the proportion of all inputs received over a represe...

Pattern recognition, wherein a sequence of feature vectors is formed from a digitized incoming signal, the feature vectors comprising feature vector components, and at least one feature vector is compared with templates of candidate patterns by computing a distortion measure. A control signal based on at least one time-dependent variable of the recognition process is formulated, and the distortion measure is computed using only a subset of the vector components of the feature vector, the subset ...

A gesture related to portions of handwritten text is recognized. Furthermore, an action is performed against the portions of the handwritten text. The action is associated with the recognized gesture.

Character recognition includes detecting a union of characters, preprocessing the union of characters, comparing the preprocessed union of characters with one or more template symbols, and applying a decision rule to either reject a template symbol or decide that the template symbol is included in the union of characters. Such preprocessing involves representing the union of characters as one or more curves, and parameterizing the curve(s); and, regarding various classes of transformation, formi...

A first unit collects and stores data (bar codes 12) and reports to a second unit. The first unit keeps and communicates a first unit current record, for storage, of its (random and unpredictable) activities since last connection and a first unit past record for comparison, of its (random and unpredictable) activities up to last connection. Matching between its previously stored first unit current record and the received first unit past record makes the second unit grant access to the first unit...

In a pattern recognition system, a pattern which is to be recognized later is prescribed in a learning phase. This pattern is detected sequentially, that is to say the informative areas of the pattern are detected and, moreover, the spatial relationship between the areas is also stored. In the recognition phase, a hypothesis which indicates a presumed pattern and, furthermore, indicates where such further prominent areas should be located in the pattern to be recognized if the presumption is cor...

An ampoule for use with an administering device such as an injection or infusion apparatus, at least two recognition elements associated with the ampoule, each of which at least two recognition elements can be arranged in one of at least two predetermined positions relative to the ampoule, wherein the at least two predetermined positions are asymmetrically located relative to the ampoule, and an administering device such as an injection or infusion apparatus which can be coupled to the ampoule. ...

A method and apparatus for recognizing a script written character wherein the character is entered using character entering means and digitised by appropriate means. The digitised character is then stored in, for example, a memory. Codes representing topological and vector features of the character are extracted from the character, then the topological and vector features of the character are compared with topological and vector features of a plurality of reference characters defining a set of r...

A pattern recognition apparatus and method, the apparatus comprising a correlation calculating circuit for calculating first correlations between each part of a image pattern data and a reference pattern data, the first correlation being expressed as R(X), where X is a variable factor representing a region storing the part of the image pattern data, and also comprising a second correlation calculating circuit for recognizing the position of a pattern most identical to the reference pattern by em...

Taste recognition is performed by letting a solvent flow through a holding section which holds an object to be recognized and measuring the solvent which has flowed through the holding section by a taste sensor. If the flow rate of the solvent is set at about 1 ml/min, the solvent whose quantity is almost equal to that of saliva secreted in a mouth can be supplied to the object to be recognized, and hence the taste recognition can be performed by the taste sensor.