Techniques for translating the harmony expressed by the keyboard playing of a performer into a chord type and root. Playing key pattern representations are stored in a digital memory at locations having addresses defining the corresponding chord type. A playing key pattern signal identifying the pattern of the keys played by the performer is then generated. The playing key pattern signal is used to locate the corresponding stored playing key pattern representation. When a match occurs, the chord...

A circuit for monitoring digital data comprises a shift register for receiving the data to be monitored, the outputs of the shift register being fed either directly to the inputs of memory devices or via controllable gates. The memories are programmed to detect the number of logical `ones` present in the shift register, and the detected number is compared with a reference to determine whether the data should be accepted or rejected. In one mode of operation, the controllable gates alter the inpu...

A mechanism for recognizing and inputting handwritten mathematical expressions into a computer by providing a part of a multi-path framework is described. The part of the multi-path framework includes a symbol grouping and recognition component that is designed to group input strokes that correspond to a handwritten mathematical expression into a symbol and to recognize the symbol based upon information associated with the grouped input strokes. A method for grouping and recognizing symbols of a...

A method and apparatus are provided for sorting signals from compressive receivers in accordance with the type of modulation on the signal, so as to be able to establish the identity of the signal short of fully demodulating it. It has been found that signals from a compressive receiver which are insufficiently sampled for complete demodulation can be identified by "histograms" in which each designated condition, such as the number of consecutive 1's or 0's is graphed against the number of occur...

A circuit for monitoring digital data in the form of words comprising a plurality of digits comprises a shift register through which the digital data is fed and one or more memory devices arranged to compare the data in the shift register with predetermined data stored in the memory device or devices. The memory device or devices produce a numerical count of the number of digits either which are correct or which are incorrect and that number is compared by a comparison circuit with a reference v...

A method and related apparatus for finding center lines or center points of distinguishable areas in a scanned field, such as the field of view of an optical scanning device in which is positioned an integrated-circuit chip. The invention is disclosed in the form of circuitry for analyzing a serial digital data stream representative of the image of the scanned field, and for determining the positions of center lines of center points of distinguishable areas in the field falling within a selected...

A character in a pattern area is optically scanned and the scanned black and white signal cells of the character are stored in a digital memory. The character in the digital memory is recognized through an initial feature extraction process, unification process, concentration process, and recognition process. In the initial feature extraction process each cell thus scanned is encoded according to the presence of a character line or a black cell in a predetermined direction from each cell. The un...

A video carrier recognition system for use with a signal seeking television receiver tuner or the like includes a plurality of detectors for recognizing certain conditions indicating that the receiver is appropriately tuned to a video carrier signal. The conditions comprise AFC system lock, the presence of a relatively low peak duty cycle characterizing the low-pass filtered output of the receiver's video detector and the absence of a relatively large amplitude 1.5 MHz beat note at the output of...

A method of information recording and recognition comprising printing on one surface of a recording member information in the form of ink deposits having electrical conductivity measurable different from that of the non-printed background areas, passing the recording member through an information recognition zone containing corona generating means and sensor means, directing ionic emission from corona generating means towards one face of said recording member, and detecting on the sensor ionizat...

A character recognition system such as employed for determining characters formed with magnetically impregnated ink on a check wherein a plurality of sequential pulses are generated for each of a plurality of successive regions along a said character responsive to the movement through the system of the check, and wherein there is included means synchronous with clock pulses at a rate equal to the timing pulse rate divided by the quantity of said plurality for determining the discrete signal area...