
In accordance with a first aspect, a noninvasive apparatus comprises a housing (42) having a grasping region (44), and a noninvasive extraction device (10) to noninvasively extract a sample from a hand of an end user at the grasping region (44). In accordance with a second aspect, a noninvasive apparatus comprises a card-shaped housing which supports the noninvasive extraction device 10. In accordance with a third aspect, a retaining member (22) retains a removable biosensor (16) proximate to at...











