A filter light source within a compound optical filter includes a flat sheet consisting of a plurality of fine particles of a phosphor in a transparent matrix having a refractive index greater than that of air but less than that of the particles. To measure the absorbance of light by a fluid, light that has passed from a primary light source through the fluid is transmitted by an interference filter in the compound filter to the filter light source. The phosphor has a high excitation efficiency ...

A neutron source which is particularly useful for neutron radiography consists of a vessel containing a moderating media of relatively low moderating ratio, a flux trap including a moderating media of relatively high moderating ratio at the center of the vessel, a shell of depleted uranium dioxide surrounding the moderating media of relatively high moderating ratio, a plurality of guide tubes each containing a movable source of neutrons surrounding the flux trap, a neutron shield surrounding one...

A device and method for relativistic electron beam heating of a high-density plasma in a small localized region. A relativistic electron beam generator or accelerator produces a high-voltage electron beam which propagates along a vacuum drift tube and is modulated to initiate electron bunching within the beam. The beam is then directed through a low-density gas chamber which provides isolation between the vacuum modulator and the relativistic electron beam target. The relativistic beam is then a...

A phonographic source has a turntable with a central hub joined by radial arms to a peripheral rim in which the weight of the turntable is concentrated so as to expose at least a major part of the underside of a record supported on the turntable. The record is supported at the hub, and by the arms and/or the rim, and in a modification by one or more concentric rings. The central spindle of the turntable for reception in the record center hole can be connected to the turntable drive shaft only in...

An infrared source comprising an electrically powered, hollow cylindrical rod which operates at lower temperatures and yet has no decrease in output power is configured by increasing the outside diameter of the rod and inserting grooves therein which provide cavities increasing the apparent surface emissivity of the rod.

A high brightness, essentially monoenergetic electron source is constructed in solid state material by providing a semiconductor body with an electron confinement barrier over most of the surface, the barrier having a relatively small opening exposing the semiconductor body, in the relatively small opening a material is placed in contact with the semiconductor body that has a work function that is lower than the energy of excited electrons in the semiconductor. In this structure electrons from h...

A source of electricity has a first electrode, a second electrode which is spaced from the first electrode and which is made from a metal that is displaced in the electromotive series from the metal of the first electrode, a first mass which is electrically conductive and which contains particulates and liquid and which is in electrically-conducting engagement with the inner surface of the first electrode, a second mass which is electrically conductive and which contains particulates and liquid ...

A first resistor is connected between the collector and base of a first transistor of a matched pair and a second resistor is connected in the emitter circuit of a second transistor of the matched pair. The impedance of the first resistor is equal to the impedance of the second resistor. The first resistor is provided for increasing the emitter current of the second transistor to compensate for loss in the base current of the second transistor due to the finite and changing beta characteristics ...

An embodiment of the gas source is disclosed which uses a compressed gas cylinder whose interior is divided into two chambers by a folded bladder. One chamber is a storage chamber for the compressed gas and the other is a combustion chamber for housing and burning a solid propellant. When the discharge valve is opened, a gas pressure pulse is applied from the storage chamber to a pressure-responsive spring in the propellant ignition system. The ignition system functions to ignite the propellant ...

A nonmagnetic, electron impact ion source comprising an evacuated envelope having means for passing ionizing gases through the envelope. Within the envelope, an electron emitting cathode is positioned adjacent a grid-shaped ionization chamber. A conducting wall section of the ionization chamber that is impenetrable to ions has an ion exiting aperture, which is adjacent to a grid-shaped electrode for extracting ions. The extracting electrode is positioned at a distance of a few tenths of a mm. fr...