In the manufacture of ventilated filter-tipped cigarettes the continuous wrapper web for the filter rod is formed, at least at longitudinally spaced positions, with perforations or semi-perforations to allow a significant air flow into the filters of the finished cigarettes. The invention includes an apparatus for testing such ventilated cigarettes to check that the degree of ventilation is adequate.

A cigarette filter attachment machine with a wrapper testing facility includes means for feeding pieces of tipping paper each of which is wrapped around associated tobacco and filter portions to join those portions to one another; means for testing the wrappers of the cigarettes for leaks; an upsetting device for momentarily upsetting the filter tipping operation to produce at least one cigarette with a deliberate leak in the joint between the tobacco and filter portions; and an ejection device ...

A cigarette testing device has a drum which carries the cigarettes during testing, and a belt which extends around part of the drum and has integrally moulded portions at regular intervals cooperating with parts of the drum to form seals around the cigarettes during testing. This application is a division of application Ser. No. 466,839, filed May 3, 1974, now U.S. Pat No. 3,943,752, issued Mar. 16, 1976.

A method of and apparatus for testing a sample of particulate material, for example, flour by the use of a Near Infra-Red Reflectance Spectrometer, which includes permitting the material to fall freely into a trap having an openable and closable top and bottom whereby sample material caught in the trap may be tested, means being provided for purging the trap between samples.

Switches of telephone grids are tested for delayed action subsequent to, but within a number of milliseconds after, actuating the opening or closing of the switches. Excessive delay indicates approaching failure.

An aqueous system for testing magnetizable articles is provided by a water based slurry of magnetic particles including a corrosion inhibitor, surface tension adjusting agent, an antifoam agent, a viscosity adjustment element, and a buffering element to assist in the corrosion resistance.

A method of testing the load lifting ability of a lifting device, including connecting the lifting device to a securement able to resist more force than a weight for which the lifting device is to be tested, and operating the lifting device until the force exerted by the lifting device on the securement equals said weight, wherein the improvement comprises that the securement is the lifting device itself. In a lifting device including a movable frame and lifting means on the frame for lifting lo...

A testing device includes a platelike stick and a detecting function part deposited on said stick. The stick is composed of a water-disintegrable layer, a water-soluble layer superposed on at least one surface of the water-disintegrable layer in the part thereof destined to contact an analyte fluid, and a multiplicity of minute pieces of a water-soluble material superposed on the opposite surfaces of the stick at least in the part thereof destined to contact with analyte fluid.

A reagent composition particularly adapted for use in treating organic samples suspected of containing chemically-bound heavy metals preparatory to electrically detecting and measuring the heavy metal content of the samples. The composition includes an electrolyte vehicle which is essentially free of the heavy metal being detected and measured, a measured quantity of at least one metal ion-containing reagent dissolved therein, said metal ion (1) being adapted to displace the heavy metal from its...

Ultrasonic echo signals from the rear wall boundary are used to track looking windows for similar signals during a subsequent test cycle as well as for detection of flaw echos, with emphasis on a distinction between end of flaw detection and beginning first rear wall echo looking windows.