A diffraction grating is disposed adjacent to a ridge waveguide formed on a substrate (cladding). Assumed that a light propagation direction at the waveguide is z, a direction of width of the waveguide is x, and ends of the diffraction grating of this embodiment is x=g.sub.min when z=0 and x=g.sub.max when z=L/2, the ends of the diffraction grating can be expressed as the following functions f(z). Namely, and

A wavelength filter includes a solid material that is optically transparent and including a pair of planar surfaces substantially parallel to each other; and a supporting member that supports the solid material on a planar surface of the solid material other than the pair of planar surfaces, the supporting member having a rigidity higher than that of the solid material. The solid material is a birefringent material of which an optical axis makes a predetermined angle with respect to a normal to ...

A wavelength blocker including an input port for launching an input beam of light, first dispersing means for dispersing the input beam of light according to wavelength, an array of independently addressable elements for selectively blocking a portion of the dispersed beam of light, second dispersing means for receiving the passed dispersed beam of light and for producing a single multiplexed beam of light therefrom, and an output port for transmitting a modified output beam of light. The array ...

A wavelength locker comprising a semiconductor or air gap etalon is used to monitor and maintain the output wavelength of a coherent radiation source. Said etalon may be fabricated from a commercially available silicon wafer, with individual regions of the wafer, each functioning as a separate etalon, etched or otherwise processed to produce different thicknesses. Illumination by the coherent radiation source generated transmitted signal intensities that are detected and processed to determine t...

A fiber optic wavelength switch that includes a front-end unit having optical ports for receiving and transmitting optical signals; a wavelength dispersion element (e.g., diffraction grating, prism, etc.) for defining a dispersion plane; a light redirecting element (e.g., spherical reflector) associated with the wavelength dispersion element; and an actuation array (e.g., MEMS) operative with the light redirecting element for tilting an optical signal substantially perpendicular to the dispersio...

Devices providing 270-320 .mu. and preferably 280 .mu. fluorescent light are described in which a primary source of shorter wavelength light is incident upon an elongated thallium-activated alkali halide fluorescent crystal having rounded ends serving as lenses to collimate fluorescent light emanating from said ends. Methods and means are also described for prolonging the useful life of the fluorescent crystal, including optical means for filtering out the deleterious wavelengths of the light fr...

Binary data is recovered from waveforms encoded in phase encoded, double frequency, MFE, MZE, or similar patterns by sensing wavelengths preceding and/or following a transition in the waveform at approximately the center of a bit cell. The gating of "1's" and "o's" from data related clock pulses is switched as a function of that sensing. In one embodiment, wavelengths are interpreted by direct logic to coordinate the switching of the gated "1's" and "0's." In another embodiment, clock pulses are...

A test set for forward looking infrared systems or cameras with test set optics projecting onto the field of view of devices being tested the infrared radiation from two plates at a controlled temperature differential subject to calibrated adjustment. A first plate of the two plates contains openings in chosen patterns through which radiations from portions of the second plate are viewed simultaneously with radiation of the first plate. This is with the two plates spaced a predetermined .DELTA.T...

To a first nonlinear waveguide and a second nonlinear waveguide each having a refractive index which varies in response to the input of an optical signal, input optical signal pulses are inputted together with continuous light of a predetermined wave length said input optical signal pulses being caused to have a time delay corresponding to 0.6.about.1.2 times the pulse width of said input optical signal pulses. Then, the phase of an optical signal outputted from the second nonlinear waveguide is...

A device for stabilizing the operating wavelength (.lambda.) of an electro-optical component having a nominal operating wavelength (.lambda..sub.0) by a wavelength influencing circuit adapted to be driven by a control signal. The device comprises a semiconductor photodiode adapted to be impinged upon by the radiation generated and/or processed by the component and to generate an output signal which is indicative of a difference of the wavelength of the radiation ((.lambda.) with respect to the n...